Summary of The Princes in The Tower

The mysterious disappearance of two young princes shakes medieval England.

How Do You Learn Best?

Note: You can explore any or all of these paths in any order you prefer!

Audio Library

As one of our featured lessons, this topic includes premium audio guides.

🔒

Unlock the Audio Summary

This free audio lesson is available exclusively for Logged in Memory Wizards members. Please sign up for a free account or log in to access this content.

Sign Up Log In
🔒

Unlock the Wizard's Cram Session

This powerful audio study guide is a Pro-exclusive feature. Upgrade to Memory Wizards Pro to access this and all of our premium learning tools.

Upgrade to Pro

The Princes in The Tower in 10 Minutes

Introduction

Introduction

Have you ever heard of the mysterious disappearance of the Princes in the Tower? This historical event has captivated people for centuries, as two young boys, Edward V and his brother Richard, disappeared without a trace in 1483. Their disappearance has sparked numerous theories and debates among historians and scholars.

The Princes in the Tower were the sons of King Edward IV of England, and were placed in the Tower of London for protection after their father's death. However, they never emerged from the Tower, leading to speculation about their fate. Some believe they were murdered, while others think they may have been hidden away or escaped to live in secret.

This micro-course will provide a brief overview of the events leading up to the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower, as well as the various theories surrounding their fate. Join us as we delve into this fascinating historical mystery and try to uncover the truth behind the disappearance of these young royal brothers.

Edward V

Edward V

Edward V was the eldest son of King Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville. He was only 12 years old when he was declared king, but his reign was short-lived due to his mysterious disappearance in the Tower of London.

Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York

Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York

Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York was the younger brother of Edward V. Like his brother, he disappeared under mysterious circumstances while staying in the Tower of London, leading to speculation and conspiracy theories about their fate.

Richard III

Richard III

Richard III was the uncle of Edward V and Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York. He was accused of being involved in the disappearance of his nephews in order to secure his claim to the throne. His reign was marked by controversy and ended with his defeat at the Battle of Bosworth Field.

The Princes in The Tower

The Princes in The Tower

In 1483, Edward V of England was just 12 years old when he ascended to the throne after the death of his father, King Edward IV. His uncle, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, was named Lord Protector. Edward V and his younger brother, Richard of Shrewsbury, were lodged in the Tower of London, awaiting Edward's coronation.

Richard, Duke of Gloucester, Takes the Throne

Richard, Duke of Gloucester, Takes the Throne

Before the coronation could take place, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, declared the marriage of Edward IV and their mother, Elizabeth Woodville, invalid, making the princes illegitimate. He then took the throne as King Richard III. The young princes were last seen in public in June 1483.

The Mystery Deepens

The Mystery Deepens

After their disappearance, rumors began to swirl that the princes had been murdered. Many believed that King Richard III had ordered their deaths to secure his claim to the throne. Their bodies were never found, and their ultimate fate remains a mystery to this day.

Discovery of Two Small Bodies

Discovery of Two Small Bodies

In 1674, during renovations at the Tower of London, two small skeletons were discovered under a staircase. Many believed these to be the remains of the princes, adding fuel to the theory that they had been murdered. However, conclusive evidence was never found.

Conflicting Accounts

Conflicting Accounts

Throughout history, various accounts have surfaced claiming to know the fate of the princes. Some say they were suffocated, others poisoned, and some even claim they were buried alive. Without concrete evidence, the truth remains elusive.

Theories and Speculations

Theories and Speculations

Over the years, numerous theories have been proposed to explain the disappearance of the princes. Some believe they were murdered on the orders of King Richard III, while others suggest they were killed by Henry VII to secure his own claim to the throne. The mystery continues to capture the imagination of historians and the public alike.

Legacy of The Princes

Legacy of The Princes

The story of the princes in the tower has become a popular topic in literature, film, and television. Their tragic tale continues to fascinate audiences, with countless retellings of their mysterious disappearance and the intrigue surrounding their fate.

The Search for Answers

The Search for Answers

Despite centuries of speculation and investigation, the true fate of the princes in the tower remains unknown. Modern forensic techniques have been used to analyze the evidence, but no definitive conclusions have been reached. The mystery of the princes in the tower endures, leaving historians and amateur sleuths alike searching for answers.

Remembering the Princes

Remembering the Princes

Today, the princes in the tower are remembered as tragic figures in English history. Their disappearance and presumed deaths serve as a reminder of the ruthless power struggles that characterized the Wars of the Roses. The mystery surrounding their fate continues to intrigue and captivate audiences around the world.

In conclusion, the mystery surrounding the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower continues to captivate historians and enthusiasts alike. The lack of concrete evidence has led to numerous theories and speculation about their fate, from being murdered to escaping and living in secret. Despite centuries passing since their disappearance, the true fate of the Princes in the Tower remains one of history's most enduring unsolved mysteries.As historians continue to uncover new information and analyze existing evidence, the story of the Princes in the Tower will likely remain a topic of fascination for years to come. Their disappearance serves as a reminder of the intrigue and complexity of historical mysteries, leaving us to wonder about the untold secrets of the past.

1 / 19

Lesson Details & Resources

In a Nutshell

  • What: The mysterious disappearance of two young princes from the Tower of London.
  • When: 1483
  • Who: Edward V and Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York; King Richard III
  • Outcome: The fate of the princes remains unknown, leading to conspiracy theories and speculation about their deaths.

Famous Figures in the The Princes in The Tower

  • Richard III

    King of England who was accused of murdering the Princes in the Tower

  • Edward IV

    Father of the Princes in the Tower

  • Elizabeth Woodville

    Mother of the Princes in the Tower

  • Edward V

    Younger of the Princes in the Tower

  • Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York

    Younger brother of Edward V, also known as one of the Princes in the Tower

  • Henry VII

    Founder of the Tudor dynasty, defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field

  • Elizabeth of York

    Daughter of Edward IV and sister of the Princes in the Tower

  • Anne Neville

    Wife of Richard III and mother of the Princes in the Tower

  • Margaret Beaufort

    Mother of Henry VII and grandmother of the Princes in the Tower

  • Thomas More

    Author of 'History of King Richard III' which discusses the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower

Timeline of The Princes in The Tower

March 4, 1461

Edward IV becomes king of England

May 1, 1464

Edward IV marries Elizabeth Woodville

November 2, 1470

Edward V, the eldest son of Edward IV, is born

April 9, 1483

Edward IV dies, leaving his young son as the new king

April 10, 1483

Edward V is declared king

April 29, 1483

Richard, Duke of Gloucester, is named protector of the realm

May 1483

Edward V and his younger brother Richard, Duke of York, are taken to the Tower of London

July 6, 1483

Richard III seizes power and is crowned king

August 22, 1483

Richard III's reign begins

1483

Rumors of the princes' disappearance start circulating

1490

Perkin Warbeck, claiming to be Richard, Duke of York, emerges

November 23, 1499

Perkin Warbeck is executed

1674

Bones believed to be those of the princes are discovered in the Tower

March 12, 1678

The bones are reburied in Westminster Abbey

19th century

The Tower of London becomes a popular tourist attraction with the story of the Princes in the Tower

Present day

The Princes in the Tower mystery continues to captivate historians and researchers

Vocabulary List

Princes
The main characters of the story, who are the sons of King Edward IV.
Tower
Referring to the Tower of London, where the Princes were believed to have been imprisoned.
Edward IV
The father of the Princes and the King of England during their time.
Richard III
The uncle of the Princes and the one accused of ordering their murder.
Succession
The process of determining who will inherit the throne after the death of a monarch.
Monarchy
A form of government where a single person, usually a king or queen, holds the power.
Conspiracy
A secret plan or agreement to carry out an illegal or harmful act.
Mystery
The unresolved question surrounding the fate of the Princes.
Historical
Relating to events in the past, particularly those of significant importance.
Propaganda
Information, often biased or misleading, used to promote a particular political cause or point of view.
Tudor
The ruling dynasty in England after the War of the Roses, succeeding the Plantagenets.
Inheritance
The passing down of property, titles, or rights from one generation to another.
Regent
A person appointed to govern a kingdom in the absence, minority, or incapacity of the monarch.
Allegiance
Loyalty or commitment to a person or cause, in this case, loyalty to the rightful monarch.
Heir
A person who is entitled to inherit the rank, title, or property of another.
Betrayal
The act of breaking trust or loyalty, often with severe consequences.
Power struggle
A situation where multiple individuals or groups compete for control or authority.
Royal family
A family that is related to a king or queen, usually consisting of immediate relatives.
Execution
The act of carrying out a death sentence, often as a punishment for a crime.
Historical fiction
A genre of literature that combines fictional characters and events with historical settings and contexts.

Key Facts

This is the information used in the fact matching game

  • The Princes in the Tower were two young boys, Edward V and Richard of Shrewsbury, who were the sons of King Edward IV of England.
  • The Princes in the Tower disappeared in 1483 and their fate remains a mystery.
  • The boys were confined to the Tower of London by their uncle, Richard III, after their father's death.

  • Richard III was accused of ordering the murder of the Princes in the Tower to secure his claim to the throne.
  • The Princes' disappearance is believed to have taken place in the summer of 1483.
  • Their mother, Elizabeth Woodville, sought sanctuary for her remaining children after the boys' disappearance.

  • The Princes were declared illegitimate by an Act of Parliament in 1483, which paved the way for Richard III to become king.
  • The bones of two children were discovered in the Tower of London in the 17th century, believed to be the remains of the Princes.
  • The bones were reburied in Westminster Abbey in 1678.

  • In 1933, the bones were examined and it was determined that they belonged to two boys between the ages of 10 and 12.
  • Shakespeare's play 'Richard III' portrays Richard III as the villain responsible for the murder of the Princes in the Tower.
  • The mystery of the Princes in the Tower has inspired numerous novels, plays, and films.

  • Many theories exist about the fate of the Princes, including being smothered, poisoned, or sent into hiding.
  • The disappearance of the Princes remains one of the most famous unsolved cases in English history.
  • The Princes' story highlights the struggles for power and succession during the Wars of the Roses.

  • The Princes' deaths paved the way for Henry VII, the first Tudor monarch, to ascend to the throne.
  • The story of the Princes in the Tower continues to captivate historians and the public alike.
  • The fate of the Princes in the Tower remains a subject of debate and ongoing research.

  • The mystery surrounding the Princes in the Tower has led to various conspiracy theories and speculation.
  • The Princes' tragic story has become a symbol of innocence lost and the dangers of political intrigue.

Analysis & Significance

Immediate Consequences

The disappearance of the Princes in the Tower, Edward V and Richard of Shrewsbury, in 1483 led to a power struggle within the English nobility and ultimately paved the way for Richard III to seize the throne. This event sparked immediate controversy and speculation, creating a cloud of suspicion and uncertainty that lingered in the court and among the people.

Long-Term Impact

The mystery surrounding the fate of the Princes in the Tower has left a lasting mark on English history, fueling debates and conspiracy theories for centuries. The unresolved nature of their disappearance has contributed to the enduring fascination with the Tudor era and the intrigue of royal succession. The story of the Princes in the Tower continues to captivate historians and storytellers, shaping our understanding of power, betrayal, and loyalty in medieval England.

Cultural Significance Today

The legacy of the Princes in the Tower endures in popular culture, with references to their story appearing in literature, film, and television. Their tragic fate serves as a cautionary tale of the dangers of court politics and the vulnerability of royal heirs. The mystery surrounding their disappearance continues to inspire curiosity and speculation, reminding us of the enduring power of historical mysteries to captivate our imagination and shape our understanding of the past.

The Princes in The Tower Games

Was This Lesson Helpful?

Please log in or sign up to rate this lesson. 

Take Your Learning Offline

Want a convenient, print-ready study guide for this lesson? Become a Memory Wizards Pro member to unlock the downloadable " Memory Scrolls" for this topic and our entire library!

  • ✓ Complete Vocabulary Lists
  • ✓ Key Facts & Timelines
  • ✓ Beautifully Formatted for Print & Mobile
Upgrade to Pro

You must be logged in to provide feedback. Please log in or create a free account.

Scroll to Top