Summary of Qin’s Terracotta Army Unearthed (197 BCE)

Secrets of an ancient army guarding China's first emperor.

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Qin’s Terracotta Army Unearthed in 10 Minutes

Introduction

Introduction

In 197 BCE, a group of farmers in China made a remarkable discovery that would change the course of history. They stumbled upon an underground vault containing thousands of life-sized terracotta soldiers, horses, and chariots. This incredible find would come to be known as Qin's Terracotta Army.

Emperor Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China, commissioned the construction of the Terracotta Army to accompany him in the afterlife. Each statue was intricately crafted with unique facial features, hairstyles, and armor, reflecting the diversity of the ancient Chinese military. The discovery of these statues provided valuable insights into the military tactics and culture of the Qin Dynasty.

Today, the Terracotta Army remains one of the most significant archaeological finds in the world. The excavation of the site continues to uncover new discoveries and mysteries about ancient China. Join us as we delve into the fascinating history and significance of the Terracotta Army unearthed over two thousand years ago.

Emperor Qin Shi Huang

Emperor Qin Shi Huang

Emperor Qin Shi Huang was the first emperor of China who commissioned the construction of the Terracotta Army to protect him in the afterlife. His tomb, containing the army, was unearthed in 197 BCE.

Terracotta Warriors

Terracotta Warriors

The Terracotta Warriors are a collection of life-sized sculptures depicting soldiers, horses, and chariots that were buried with Emperor Qin Shi Huang to protect him in the afterlife. They were discovered in 197 BCE in Xi'an, China.

Archaeologists

Archaeologists

Archaeologists were the ones responsible for uncovering the Terracotta Army in 197 BCE. Their meticulous excavation and preservation efforts have allowed us to learn more about ancient Chinese history and culture.

The Incredible Discovery

The Incredible Discovery

In 197 BCE, farmers in Lintong District, Xi'an, China accidentally stumbled upon one of the most incredible archaeological discoveries in history: the Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China.

The Emperors Tomb

The Emperors Tomb

The Terracotta Army was found near the tomb of Emperor Qin Shi Huang, who believed he would need an army in the afterlife to protect him. The army was buried with him to serve this purpose.

Thousands of Soldiers

Thousands of Soldiers

The Terracotta Army consists of over 8,000 life-sized soldiers, 130 chariots with 520 horses, and 150 cavalry horses, all made of terracotta. Each soldier has unique facial features and hairstyles, showcasing the incredible craftsmanship of the Qin Dynasty.

Guardians of the Emperor

Guardians of the Emperor

The soldiers were arranged in battle formation, with infantry, cavalry, and charioteers. Each soldier was equipped with real weapons, such as swords, spears, and crossbows, which were once functional but are now rusted due to oxidation.

Discovery and Excavation

Discovery and Excavation

Archaeologists have been excavating the site since its discovery, uncovering more than 2,000 statues. The excavation process is slow and meticulous, as the terracotta statues are delicate and easily damaged.

Archaeological Significance

Archaeological Significance

The Terracotta Army is considered one of the most important archaeological finds of the 20th century. It provides valuable insights into the military, artistic, and cultural practices of the Qin Dynasty.

Preservation Efforts

Preservation Efforts

To preserve the Terracotta Army, a museum was built around the excavation site. The museum houses the terracotta statues and artifacts, allowing visitors to marvel at the ancient craftsmanship and learn about China's rich history.

Global Recognition

Global Recognition

The Terracotta Army has become a symbol of China's cultural heritage and has attracted millions of tourists from around the world. It has also been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, ensuring its protection for future generations.

Ongoing Research

Ongoing Research

Archaeologists continue to study the Terracotta Army to uncover more secrets about the Qin Dynasty and Emperor Qin Shi Huang. New discoveries are made each year, deepening our understanding of ancient Chinese history.

A Timeless Wonder

A Timeless Wonder

The Terracotta Army remains a testament to the power, artistry, and innovation of the Qin Dynasty. Its discovery has captivated the world and continues to inspire awe and fascination in all who visit the site.

In conclusion, the discovery of Qin's Terracotta Army in 197 BCE has opened a window into the ancient world of China. The intricate details of the thousands of life-sized statues depict the grandeur and power of the Qin Dynasty.This incredible find has provided archaeologists and historians with valuable insights into the military and artistic achievements of the Qin Dynasty. The Terracotta Army remains a testament to the craftsmanship and innovation of ancient Chinese civilization.

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Lesson Details & Resources

In a Nutshell

  • What: A massive collection of terracotta statues buried near the tomb of China’s first emperor, Qin Shi Huang.
  • When: 197 BCE
  • Who: Emperor Qin Shi Huang
  • Outcome: The discovery of an incredible archaeological find that sheds light on ancient Chinese history and craftsmanship.

Famous Figures in the Qin’s Terracotta Army Unearthed

  • Qin Shi Huang

    Qin Shi Huang was the first Emperor of China who ordered the construction of the Terracotta Army.

  • Ying Zheng

    Ying Zheng was the name of Qin Shi Huang before he became the Emperor of China.

  • Li Si

    Li Si was a prominent politician and advisor to Qin Shi Huang during the construction of the Terracotta Army.

  • Zhao Gao

    Zhao Gao was a eunuch who played a significant role in the power struggle after Qin Shi Huang's death.

Timeline of Qin’s Terracotta Army Unearthed

246 BCE

Construction of Qin's Terracotta Army begins

221 BCE

Qin Shi Huang becomes the first Emperor of China

210 BCE

Qin Shi Huang dies

197 BCE

Qin's Terracotta Army unearthed by farmers

197 BCE

Excavation of the Terracotta Army begins

197 BCE

Thousands of life-sized clay soldiers, horses, and chariots discovered

197 BCE

Pit 1 of the Terracotta Army fully excavated

197 BCE

Pits 2 and 3 of the Terracotta Army excavated

197 BCE

Discovery of the Bronze Chariots near Qin's tomb

197 BCE

Archaeologists uncover more than 8,000 soldiers in Pit 1

197 BCE - 1980s

Excavation of the Terracotta Army continues for several years

1987

Terracotta Army becomes a UNESCO World Heritage Site

2007

Terracotta Army exhibition held at the British Museum

Ongoing

Ongoing research and preservation efforts at the Terracotta Army site

Vocabulary List

Qin Shi Huang
The first emperor of China who ordered the construction of the Terracotta Army to protect him in the afterlife.
Terracotta Army
A collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, unearthed near Xi'an in 197 BCE.
Unearthed
The act of digging up or uncovering something, such as the Terracotta Army being unearthed by archaeologists in 197 BCE.
Archaeologists
Scientists who study past human cultures by excavating and analyzing artifacts, such as the archaeologists who discovered the Terracotta Army.
Emperor
A ruler of an empire, such as Qin Shi Huang who was the emperor of the Qin Dynasty in ancient China.
Afterlife
The belief in a life after death, which was why Qin Shi Huang had the Terracotta Army created to protect him in the afterlife.

Key Facts

This is the information used in the fact matching game

  • The Terracotta Army was discovered in 1974 by farmers digging a well near Xi'an, China.
  • The army was created to accompany the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, in the afterlife.
  • The army consists of over 8,000 life-sized soldiers, 130 chariots with 520 horses, and 150 cavalry horses.

  • Each soldier was individually crafted with unique facial features and hairstyles.
  • The soldiers were originally painted in bright colors, but the paint has mostly worn off over time.
  • The Terracotta Army is believed to have been buried in 210 BCE, shortly after the death of Qin Shi Huang.

  • Archaeologists have also discovered bronze weapons and artifacts in the pits surrounding the army.
  • The discovery of the Terracotta Army has greatly expanded our understanding of ancient Chinese burial practices.
  • The army is located in three separate pits, with Pit 1 being the largest and most impressive.

  • Qin Shi Huang's tomb, which is believed to be located nearby, has not yet been excavated.
  • The Terracotta Army is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major tourist attraction in China.
  • The site is still an active archaeological dig, with new discoveries being made regularly.

  • The soldiers were made using a combination of molds and hand sculpting techniques.
  • The army was buried in an underground complex that covers an area of 38 square miles.
  • The discovery of the Terracotta Army has revolutionized our understanding of Qin Dynasty art and culture.

  • The site of the Terracotta Army was originally discovered by farmers looking for water.
  • The Terracotta Army was built over a period of 38 years by an estimated 700,000 laborers.
  • The discovery of the army has also shed light on the advanced metallurgical techniques of the Qin Dynasty.

  • The soldiers were originally equipped with real weapons, but these were looted shortly after the army was buried.
  • The discovery of the Terracotta Army has inspired numerous cultural exchanges between China and other countries.

Analysis & Significance

Immediate Consequences

Upon the discovery of Qin’s Terracotta Army in 197 BCE, it immediately captured the attention of historians and archaeologists worldwide. The sheer scale and intricacy of the army stunned observers and shed new light on the level of sophistication achieved by the Qin Dynasty.

Long-Term Impact

The unearthing of the Terracotta Army has had a lasting impact on our understanding of ancient Chinese history and military tactics. It has provided invaluable insights into the cultural and technological advancements of the Qin Dynasty and has influenced archaeological practices in the region.

Cultural Significance Today

Today, the Terracotta Army stands as a symbol of China’s rich cultural heritage and serves as a major tourist attraction, drawing millions of visitors each year. Its discovery continues to inspire awe and fascination, showcasing the remarkable achievements of ancient Chinese civilization to a global audience.

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