Apartheid in South Africa was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination. It was in place from 1948 to 1994. The policy was enforced by the National Party government.
Apartheid laws classified people based on their race and enforced separate living areas, schools, and public facilities. The policy sparked international condemnation and led to widespread protests and resistance in South Africa.
Too Long Didn’t Read
- Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa.
- It was enforced by the government from 1948 to 1994, dividing the population by race.
- Non-white South Africans were denied basic human rights and were subjected to harsh treatment.
- The system was eventually dismantled through the efforts of activists and international pressure.
- Nelson Mandela, a prominent anti-apartheid leader, became South Africa's first black president in 1994.
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Learning Modules for Apartheid-in-South-Africa
Formation of the Union of South Africa (1910)
In 1910, the Union of South Africa was formed, bringing together four British colonies and laying the groundwork for apartheid.
Native Land Act passed (1913)
In 1913, the Native Land Act was passed in South Africa, restricting black Africans from owning land in certain areas.
Sharpeville Massacre (1960)
The Sharpeville Massacre in 1960 was a turning point in South African history, as police opened fire on peaceful protesters, killing 69 and injuring hundreds.
Rivonia Trial begins (1963)
The Rivonia Trial began in 1963, marking a turning point in the fight against apartheid in South Africa.
Soweto Uprising (1976)
The Soweto Uprising of 1976 was a pivotal moment in South African history, when thousands of black students protested against the imposition of Afrikaans in schools.
Biko dies in police custody (1977)
Steve Biko, a prominent anti-apartheid activist in South Africa, dies in police custody sparking international outrage and calls for justice.
Formation of the United Democratic Front (1983)
The United Democratic Front was formed in South Africa in 1983 as a coalition of anti-apartheid groups to oppose the oppressive regime.
State of Emergency declared (1985)
In 1985, the South African government declared a State of Emergency, giving them sweeping powers to suppress anti-apartheid protests and dissent.
Release of Nelson Mandela (1990)
After 27 years in prison, Nelson Mandela is released, marking a turning point in the fight against apartheid in South Africa.
Abolishment of Group Areas Act (1991)
The Abolishment of Group Areas Act in 1991 marked the end of apartheid-era segregation policies in South Africa, allowing people of different races to live together.
CODESA negotiations begin (1991)
In 1991, the historic negotiations of CODESA began in South Africa, marking a turning point in the country's transition from apartheid to democracy.
Referendum on ending apartheid (1992)
In 1992, South Africans voted in a historic referendum to end apartheid, paving the way for a new era of democracy and equality.
Assassination of Chris Hani (1993)
The assassination of Chris Hani, a prominent anti-apartheid leader, in 1993 sparked fear and violence in South Africa during a critical time of transition.
First democratic elections held (1994)
South Africa holds its first democratic elections in 1994, marking the end of apartheid and the beginning of a new era of equality and freedom.
Nelson Mandela elected president (1994)
Nelson Mandela makes history as first black president of South Africa after decades of apartheid rule.