Kazakhstan

Unveil the mystical beauty and nomadic spirit of Kazakhstan.

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Kazakhstan in 10 Minutes

Introduction

Introduction

Kazakhstan, the ninth largest country in the world, is a land of vast landscapes, rich history, and diverse cultures. From the snow-capped peaks of the Tien Shan mountains to the endless steppe of the Eurasian grasslands, Kazakhstan offers a unique blend of natural beauty and cultural heritage.

With a history that dates back to ancient times, Kazakhstan is home to archaeological sites that reveal the country's fascinating past. The Silk Road, a historic trade route that connected East and West, once passed through Kazakhstan, leaving behind a legacy of cultural exchange and influence.

Today, Kazakhstan is a modern and rapidly developing nation, with bustling cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan showcasing a mix of traditional and contemporary architecture. Visitors to Kazakhstan can explore its many wonders, from the stunning Charyn Canyon to the tranquil shores of Lake Balkhash.

1. Nursultan Nazarbayev

1. Nursultan Nazarbayev

Nursultan Nazarbayev is the former President of Kazakhstan, having served from 1991 to 2019. He played a crucial role in shaping the country's political landscape and guiding it through the early years of independence.

2. Aisholpan Nurgaiv

2. Aisholpan Nurgaiv

Aisholpan Nurgaiv gained international fame as the first female eagle hunter in Kazakhstan. Her story was featured in the award-winning documentary The Eagle Huntress, which showcased her remarkable skills and determination.

3. Charyn Canyon

3. Charyn Canyon

Charyn Canyon is a natural wonder located in southeastern Kazakhstan. Known for its stunning rock formations and vibrant colors, it is a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts and nature lovers.

4. Baikonur Cosmodrome

4. Baikonur Cosmodrome

Baikonur Cosmodrome is the world's first and largest operational space launch facility, located in Kazakhstan. It has been used for numerous historic space missions, including the launch of the first human, Yuri Gagarin, into space.

5. Nomadic Tribes

5. Nomadic Tribes

Kazakhstan is home to several nomadic tribes, who have preserved their traditional way of life for centuries. These tribes are known for their hospitality, rich cultural heritage, and unique customs, which offer a glimpse into the country's past.

1. Astana: The Capital City

1. Astana: The Capital City

Astana, the capital city of Kazakhstan, is a modern metropolis known for its futuristic architecture and vibrant culture. Visitors can explore iconic landmarks such as the Bayterek Tower, the Presidential Palace, and the Khan Shatyr Entertainment Center.

2. Charyn Canyon: The Grand Canyon of Central Asia

2. Charyn Canyon: The Grand Canyon of Central Asia

Charyn Canyon, often referred to as the Grand Canyon of Central Asia, offers breathtaking views of rugged cliffs and stunning rock formations. Hiking enthusiasts can trek through the canyon and marvel at its natural beauty.

3. Almaty: The Cultural Hub

3. Almaty: The Cultural Hub

Almaty, the largest city in Kazakhstan, is a cultural hub filled with museums, theaters, and art galleries. Visitors can immerse themselves in the local culture by attending traditional performances and sampling delicious Kazakh cuisine.

4. Lake Balkhash: A Natural Wonder

4. Lake Balkhash: A Natural Wonder

Lake Balkhash, one of the largest lakes in Central Asia, is a paradise for nature lovers. The lake is home to a diverse range of wildlife, making it a popular destination for birdwatching and fishing.

5. Shymkent: The City of Gardens

5. Shymkent: The City of Gardens

Shymkent, a city in southern Kazakhstan, is known for its lush gardens and parks. Visitors can explore the colorful botanical gardens, relax in the tranquil city parks, and soak in the beauty of the natural surroundings.

6. Baikonur Cosmodrome: A Space Enthusiasts Dream

6. Baikonur Cosmodrome: A Space Enthusiasts Dream

Baikonur Cosmodrome, the world's first and largest space launch facility, is a must-visit for space enthusiasts. Visitors can witness rocket launches, tour the space museum, and learn about Kazakhstan's contributions to space exploration.

7. Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi: A UNESCO World Heritage Site

7. Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi: A UNESCO World Heritage Site

The Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is an architectural masterpiece located in the city of Turkestan. Visitors can admire the intricate design of the mausoleum and learn about the history of this sacred site.

8. Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve: A Wildlife Sanctuary

8. Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve: A Wildlife Sanctuary

The Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve, the oldest nature reserve in Kazakhstan, is a sanctuary for rare and endangered species. Visitors can explore the diverse ecosystems, go hiking in the mountains, and spot unique wildlife such as snow leopards and ibex.

9. Kolsai Lakes: A Hidden Gem

9. Kolsai Lakes: A Hidden Gem

The Kolsai Lakes, a series of stunning alpine lakes located in the Tien Shan mountains, are a hidden gem waiting to be discovered. Visitors can hike around the crystal-clear lakes, go horseback riding, and camp under the starry sky.

10. Silk Road Heritage Sites: Tracing Ancient Trade Routes

10. Silk Road Heritage Sites: Tracing Ancient Trade Routes

Kazakhstan is home to several Silk Road heritage sites, where visitors can trace the ancient trade routes that connected East and West. From ancient cities like Otrar to historical monuments like the Tamgaly Petroglyphs, Kazakhstan offers a glimpse into its rich cultural heritage.

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In a Nutshell

  • Capital: Nur-Sultan
  • Population: Approx. 18.8 million (2021)
  • Official Language: Kazakh
  • Currency: Kazakhstani tenge (KZT)

Breaking Down the Country

Geographic Diversity

From the Caspian Sea to the Altai Mountains, Kazakhstan's landscape offers vast steppes, deserts, and snow-capped peaks for nature enthusiasts.

Cultural Heritage

Explore the rich history of the Kazakh people, their nomadic traditions, yurts, and folklore that have shaped their unique identity over centuries.

Modern Progress

Discover how Kazakhstan's economy has evolved, embracing technology, urban development, and international partnerships to drive innovation and growth.

Timeline of Kazakhstan

1731

Kazakhstan becomes part of the Russian Empire

December 16, 1991

Kazakhstan gains independence from the Soviet Union

August 30, 1995

Kazakhstan adopts a new constitution

June 15, 2001

Kazakhstan becomes a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization

March 19, 2019

President Nursultan Nazarbayev resigns after nearly 30 years in power

June 8-9, 2017

Kazakhstan hosts the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit

June 10-September 10, 2017

Kazakhstan becomes the first country in Central Asia to host the World Expo

July 5, 2018

Kazakhstan launches the Astana International Financial Centre

January 1, 2017

Kazakhstan becomes a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council

June 9, 2019

Kazakhstan holds early presidential elections

May 29, 2014

Kazakhstan becomes a founding member of the Eurasian Economic Union

January 1, 2019

Kazakhstan launches the Bright Path economic reform program

July 8, 2015

Kazakhstan celebrates the 550th anniversary of the Kazakh Khanate

June 10-11, 2015

Kazakhstan hosts the 7th Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions

November 30, 2015

Kazakhstan becomes a member of the World Trade Organization

April 22, 2016

Kazakhstan signs the Paris Agreement on climate change

January 1, 2015

Kazakhstan launches the Nurly Zhol infrastructure development program

September 23-24, 2003

Kazakhstan hosts the first Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions

January 1, 1992

Kazakhstan becomes a member of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

March 20, 2019

Kazakhstan renames its capital city from Astana to Nur-Sultan

Vocabulary List

Steppe
Kazakhstan is known for its vast steppes, which cover a large portion of the country.
Nomadic
Historically, many Kazakh people were nomadic herders, moving their livestock across the country.
Baursak
Baursak is a traditional Kazakh bread that is often served during special occasions and celebrations.
Yurt
Yurts are traditional portable dwellings used by nomadic tribes in Kazakhstan.
Beshbarmak
Beshbarmak is a traditional Kazakh dish made with boiled meat and noodles, often served at festive occasions.
Astana
Astana, now known as Nur-Sultan, is the capital city of Kazakhstan.
Kokpar
Kokpar is a traditional Kazakh sport similar to polo, where players on horseback try to score by putting a goat carcass in a goal.
Kazakh
Kazakh is the official language of Kazakhstan, spoken by the majority of the population.
Tenge
The Tenge is the official currency of Kazakhstan.
Shymkent
Shymkent is the third-largest city in Kazakhstan, known for its historical sites and bustling markets.

Key Facts

This is the information used in the fact matching game

  • Kazakhstan is the ninth largest country in the world by land area.
  • Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia and Eastern Europe.
  • The official language of Kazakhstan is Kazakh.

  • The capital city of Kazakhstan is Nur-Sultan (formerly known as Astana).
  • Kazakhstan gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.
  • Kazakhstan is known for its vast steppes, deserts, and mountains.

  • The Kazakhstani currency is the tenge.
  • Kazakhstan is a major producer of oil and natural gas.
  • The national dish of Kazakhstan is Beshbarmak, a meat and noodle dish.

  • Kazakhstan is home to the Baikonur Cosmodrome, the world's first and largest space launch facility.
  • Kazakhstan has a diverse population with over 130 ethnic groups.
  • Kazakhstan is a member of the Eurasian Economic Union.

  • The Charyn Canyon in Kazakhstan is often referred to as the Grand Canyon's little brother.
  • Kazakhstan is known for its traditional yurts, portable circular tents.
  • The Kazakh people have a long history of horsemanship and horse breeding.

  • Kazakhstan has a rich cultural heritage with influences from Turkic, Persian, and Russian traditions.
  • The Altai Mountains in Kazakhstan are a UNESCO World Heritage site.
  • Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world.

  • The Kazakh flag features a golden sun with eagle wings on a sky blue background.
  • Kazakhstan has a presidential form of government with a strong executive branch.

Why It Matters

Geopolitical Significance

Kazakhstan’s vast territory straddles both Europe and Asia, making it a key player in discussions on Eurasian integration. Its position as a major energy producer gives it leverage in global markets, and its relations with neighboring Russia, China, and Central Asian nations are crucial for regional stability.

Historical Importance

With a history dating back to ancient times, Kazakhstan has been a crossroads for nomadic tribes, Silk Road traders, and Russian colonial expansion. It has preserved its nomadic heritage while adapting to Soviet rule and gaining independence in 1991. The legacy of figures like Genghis Khan and Tamerlane still influences Kazakh culture.

Modern-Day Role

As a leading economy in Central Asia, Kazakhstan plays a key role in the region’s development. Its diverse population and efforts to promote multiculturalism make it a model for peaceful coexistence. The country’s initiatives in renewable energy and infrastructure projects contribute to its growing influence on the global stage.

Kazakhstan Games

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