Summary of Construction of the Parthenon in Athens (447-432 BC)

Have you ever wondered how the magnificent Parthenon in Athens was constructed over 2,400 years ago? In this short course, we will delve into the secrets behind the construction of this iconic ancient Greek temple, built between 447 and 432 BC.

Designed by the renowned architect Phidias, the Parthenon was dedicated to the goddess Athena, the patron deity of Athens. Its construction involved meticulous planning and engineering, showcasing the advanced architectural techniques of the time.

Throughout the centuries, the Parthenon has stood as a symbol of classical Greek civilization and has inspired countless artists, architects, and historians. Join us as we explore the fascinating history and construction of this architectural masterpiece.

Pericles was an influential statesman in Athens during the construction of the Parthenon. He was responsible for overseeing the project and ensuring that it was completed according to his vision of showcasing Athens as a powerful and culturally advanced city.

Ictinus and Callicrates were the architects responsible for designing the Parthenon. Their innovative use of the Doric order and mathematical precision in the construction of the temple contributed to its lasting architectural significance.

Phidias was the renowned sculptor who was in charge of creating the decorative elements of the Parthenon, including the iconic statue of Athena Parthenos. His artistic talents helped to elevate the Parthenon into a masterpiece of ancient Greek art.

Various skilled craftsmen and laborers were involved in the construction of the Parthenon, from stone masons to sculptors. Their dedication and expertise were crucial in bringing the ambitious project to fruition.

The citizens of Athens played a vital role in the construction of the Parthenon, as they provided the necessary funds and resources for the project. Their collective effort and commitment to the cultural and political aspirations of Athens helped to make the Parthenon a symbol of Athenian pride and achievement.

The construction of the Parthenon began in 447 BC under the leadership of the Athenian statesman Pericles. The temple was dedicated to the goddess Athena, the patron deity of Athens.

The Parthenon was designed by the architects Ictinus and Callicrates, with the sculptor Phidias overseeing the artistic details. The temple was built in the Doric style, with 46 outer columns and 23 inner columns.

The Parthenon was constructed using Pentelic marble, sourced from Mount Pentelicus near Athens. The marble was carved and transported to the Acropolis, where it was assembled into the magnificent temple.

The Parthenon featured a continuous frieze that depicted the Panathenaic procession, a grand festival in honor of Athena. The metopes on the exterior of the temple depicted various mythological scenes.

Inside the Parthenon stood the colossal statue of Athena Parthenos, created by Phidias. The statue was made of gold and ivory, and stood over 38 feet tall.

In the early 19th century, Lord Elgin removed a significant portion of the Parthenon sculptures, known as the Elgin Marbles, and brought them to England. These sculptures are now housed in the British Museum in London.

Over the centuries, the Parthenon was converted into a Christian church, a mosque, and finally a munitions storage facility. In 1687, the temple was severely damaged during a Venetian siege.

In the 20th century, extensive restoration efforts were made to preserve and reconstruct the Parthenon. The Acropolis Museum now houses many of the original sculptures and artifacts from the temple.

The Parthenon is considered one of the greatest architectural achievements of ancient Greece. It continues to inspire artists, architects, and historians around the world, and remains a symbol of the glory of Athenian civilization.

In conclusion, the construction of the Parthenon in Athens from 447-432 BC was a remarkable feat of ancient architecture. The intricate design and precise engineering of this iconic temple continue to fascinate historians and archaeologists to this day.By studying the construction and design of the Parthenon, we can gain valuable insights into the ancient Greek civilization and their dedication to honoring their gods and goddesses. Unlocking the secrets of the Parthenon allows us to appreciate the skill and craftsmanship of the people who built this enduring masterpiece.